Whether CMA reports, ratios, numbers, data and critical analysis go above your head. Not to worry, this article will educate you on all aspects of the CMA.
The CMA report, also known as the Credit Monitoring Arrangement (CMA) report is a major report exhibiting the past and current performance of the business enterprises.
It is used by the banks or other lending institutions to assess and investigate the financial position of the company before lending them. Any industries require machinery, equipment, plants, and capital to run their business.
CMA was operational in the year 1988, due to the recommendations given by the Tandon group. It was set up to prevent delays in loan approvals and distributions towards various clients.
Using the CMA reports, the banks analyse the eligibility of the borrowers, based on the careful evaluation of the CMA data.
Between 1965 and1988, the Credit Authorisation Scheme was the key component of credit controls. It was replaced with the Credit Monitoring Arrangement and shows the past performance of a business enterprise.
STATEMENTS ENCLOSED IN THE CMA REPORT:
OPERATING STATEMENTS:
The operating statement indicates the borrower’s business plans showing the recent sales, profits before and after the tax, direct and indirect expenses, sales projections and profit projections for the next five years.
It is also known as the “Profit and Loss Statements” and calculated at the end of every month and year. You can scientifically analyse the current financial and profit-generating capacity of the borrowers.
MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE BANK FINANCE (MPBF):
It is an exclusive method of the working capital analysis and as per Tandon committee; the corporates are discouraged from accumulating stock of current assets and move towards the lean inventories and receivable levels.
There are two methods of calculating the maximum permissible bank finance given below as follows:
MPBF Method I
For the companies, whose credit requirement is less than 10 lakhs, banks can get the working capital required and working capital is the difference of total current assets and current liabilities other than borrowings from the banks.
The Banks can finance a maximum of 75% of the required amount and the rest of the balance comes out from long term funds.
MPBF = 75% of the (Current assets – Current liabilities) other than bank borrowings.
MPBF Method II
It is ideal for corporates, with a credit requirement of more than INR 10 lakhs. The borrower will finance a minimum of 25% of the total current assets out of the long term funds. The rest will be given by the bank through the MBPF.
The Maximum Permissible Bank Finance will deal with the credit component of the borrower known as Drawing Power (DP).
It is a limit using which a company can withdraw from the working capital.
BALANCE SHEET ANALYSIS:
A company’s balance sheet is the ultimate statement of the financial position, assets and net worth. The cash flow statement and the income statement will be an integral part of the company’s financial statements.
The balance sheet revolves around the formula:
Assets = Liabilities + Capital.
It shows the amount invested in the business and helps to calculate the liquidity, profitability, and efficiency of the business enterprises.
The balance sheet is good in identifying the company’s funding like debt funding or equity funding.
Debt funding is the way for a business to create capital through borrowing from relatives, friends and others. Equity funding is the process of issuing new shares to the investor in exchange for a cash investment. Without a shadow of doubt, the investor will benefit from the success of your business.
For a non-financial person, let me make it very simple:
CASH FLOW STATEMENTS:
The cash flow statements will show the amount of cash and equivalents like the securities, generated by the business during this period. Cash on hand will determine the company runaway and gives more room for a business to flourish than its estimates.
We must track three kinds of cash flows namely the cash flow from operating activities, cash flow from investing activities and cash flow from financing activities.
A good cash flow will determine the working capital and money available to run a business and complete the transactions.
A good cash flow statement will consist of:
FUND FLOW STATEMENTS:
The fund flow statement is a unique statement prepared to analyse the reasons for the changes in the financial position of a company between the two balance sheets. The core objective is to capture the flow of the funds for the given period.
There are two types of inflow of funds given below:
If you observe closely, the fund flow statement is perfect for long term analysis and judging the operation of the companies.
You will get answers to questions like:
The fund flow statement helps the investors to decide on the utilisation of the funds logically and indicates the creditworthiness of a company.
PARTICULARS OF CURRENT AND PROPOSED LIMITS:
This is the major statement of the Credit Monitoring Arrangement (CMA) report dealing with the current and proposed limits, usage limits and history of the transactions done by the borrower. Furthermore, this gives an insight into the projected and the applied limits of the borrower. This document is given by the borrower to the bank.
FORMS REQUIRED FOR PREPARING THE CMA REPORT:
The documents required for Credit Monitoring Arrangement (CMA) are given below as follows:
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